CPE USE OF ENGLISH- GAPS

CPE

http://www.examenglish.com/cpe/cpe_use_of_english_part1.htm

Men and women are often considered to be completely at odds with each other, in terms (1)  their attitudes and behaviour. Not so when they are in love, new research has discovered. As far as their hormone levels are (2), when men and women are in love, they are more similar to each other (3)  at any other time.

It has (4)  been known that love can (5)  havoc with hormone levels. For example the hormone cortisol, (6)  is known for its calming effect on the body, dips dramatically when one person is attracted to (7) , putting the love-struck on a par with sufferers of obsessive compulsive disorder.

But a new study has found that the hormone testosterone, commonly associated with male aggression, also falls when he is in love. In women, it's quite the (8) . Testosterone levels, which (9)  to be lower among females, rise towards (10)  of the male.

Donatella Marazziti of the University of Pisa, Italy, (11)  this down to nature attempting to eliminate the differences between the sexes. (12)  doing so, they can concentrate fully (13)  reproduction.
This suggestion seems to be supported by the fact that (14)  couples in a long (15)  relationship, nor participants in the study who were single at the time of the experiment, exhibited such changes.

Good preparation leads to success in ballet dancing.

Good preparation leads to success in ballet dancing.

This is an article written by a former classical ballet dancer where she explains what ballet training actually involves. (Hard work and Hardship).

"What we ballet dancers do is instinctive, but instinct learnt through  a decade of training. A dancer's life is hard to understand, and easy to misinterpret. Many a poet and novelist has tried to do so, but even they have chosen to interpret all the hard work and physical discipline  as obsessive. And so the  idea persists that dancers  spend every walking hour in pain, bodies at breaking point, their smiles a pretence.

As a former dancer in the Royal Ballet Company in Britain, I would be to question this. Ballet technique is certainly extreme but it is not, in itself, dangerous.

With expert teaching and daily practice, its various demands are easily within the capacity of the healthy human body. Contrary to popular belief, there is no need to break bones or tear muscles to achieve ballet positions. It's simply a question of sufficient conditioning of the muscular system.

Over the course of my dancing life I worked my way through at least 10,000 ballet classes. I took my first at a school of dance at the age of seven and my last 36 years later at the Royal Opera House in London. In the years between, ballet class was the first thing I did every day. It starts at an early age, this daily ritual, because it has to.
It takes at least a decade of high- quality, regular practice to become an expert in any physical discipline.
But for a ballet dancer in particular, this lentghy period has to come before the effects of adolescence set in, while maximum flexibility can still be achieved.

Those first classes I took were remarkably similar to the last. In fact, taking into account the occasional new idea, ballet classes have changed little since 1820, when the details of ballet technique were first written down, and are easily recognised in any country. Starting with the left hand on the barre, the routine  unrolls over some 75 minutes.

No one avoids this: it is ballet's great democtatiser, the well established members of the company working alongside the newest recruits.
Even the leading dancers have to do it.

These classes serve to distinct purposes: they are the way we warm our bodies and the mechanism by which we improve basic technique. In class after class , we prove the old saying that practice makes perfect"  Through endless tries at the usual exercises and frequent failures, ballet dancers develop the neutral pathways in the brain necessary to control accurate, fast and smooth movement.

And it is also this daily  repetition which enables us to strengthen the muscles required in jumping, spinning or lifting our legs to angles impossible to the average person.

The human body is designed to adapt to the demands we make of it, provided we make the carefully and over time. The principle is identical in the gym- pushing yourself to the limit, but not beyond, will eventually bring the desired result.

In the same way, all those years of classes add up to a fit-for -purpose dancing machine. This level of physical fluency doesn't hurt; it feels good.

As technology takes away activity from the lives of many , perhaps the ballet dancer's physicality is ever more difficult for most people to imagine.

But they should not be misled: there is a difference between hard work and hardship. Dancers have an everyday familiarity with the first. Hardship it isn't".

FGM

WARNING: THIS VIDEO COULD BE DISTURBING FOR SOME VIEWERS BUT IT IS HOW REALITY IS IN SOME COUNTRIES.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgbvZzCZU_4&feature=youtu.be

In the video, a girl named Maria is sewn into a picturesque scene, only to be abruptly torn from her home. Her nose is sliced off, her ear is removed and closed shut and her lips are the last to get sealed together .

Female Genital Mutilation, which involves partial or total removal of the female genitalia for non-medical reasons, is illegal in the UK. In fact, it’s classified as an act of child abuse and carries a prison sentence of up to 14 years.

The numerous health risks include heavy bleeding, developing sepsis, urinary tract infections, cysts and becoming infertile, according to WHO (World Health Organization).

CPE

WORD FORMATION

It is quite common in a Cambridge Exam to find an exercice similar to that one.

You have to form a word with the words given which fits in the spaces or gaps given.

Let's go for it.

The board was coming under intense 1)..PRESSURE................ to take action, there seeming to be (2)...IRRECONCILABLE........... differences between the two sides in the dispute.

The figures the board had were so at (3)..VARIANCE.......................... with what the workers submitted etc.

WORDS GIVEN 1) PRESS 2) RECONCILE 3) VARY
 SOLUTIONS: PRESSURE, IRRECONCILABLE, VARIANCE

 KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION
 In my view you are responsible for our losses. (hold)
I.............................lost.
answer: I hold you responsible for what we have lost




WORD FORMATION CPE

1.- It's almost a year since I stopped smoking.
up
I gave up smoking a year ago.

Nobody has had sight of the boat for two days.
last
The boat was last seen two days ago.

Immediately we finish this, we'll join you .
minute
We'll ...join you the minute we have  finished this.

Bergkampt's goal is the most extraordinary I've ever seen.
yet.
I've.....yet to see such  an  extraordinary goal as Bergkamp's.

THE PRESENT PERFECT IN ENGLISH VS THE PAST SIMPLE

Do you know why these sentences are wrong?

Let's try to explain it. The one in red are wrong because...

It's the third time he missed a meeting

Correct version: It's the third time he has missed the meeting.

The action is not finished or it is not clear if the action is finished so you have to use   present perfect instead of past simple.

As soon as he will finish, he is going home

Correct: As soon as he finishes , he will go home

This sentence is similar to a conditional sentence. "If she finishes, he will go home". If + present+ will ( 1st type of conditional), Remember in this kind of conditional that if the sentence starts with "if", you have to add a comma after the first sentence. If the "if" part of the sentence is in the second part of the sentence you don't have to. 

This is the best lasagne I ever have

This is the best lasagne I have ever had.

In this sentence you have to use present perfect  because the time is not defined. It is an action in the past with the time not specified.

Since we’ve known each other,he always shows impecable manners.

Since we have known each other, he has always shown impecable manners.

The action is in the past but not finished.

Since I’ve met her, I have never seen her lose her temper.

Since I met her, I have never seen her lose her temper.

The action of meeting her is an action which is over ( Past simple).

ADJECTIVES ORDER. Nice scheme to be remembered when writing.

So, I have a cute, big, new red Italian car.


You won't normally find such a long sentence but you have to now the order.

 It matters!

In construction



http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/world/europe/spanish-tuna-fishing-melds-to-japans-taste-endangering-a-3000-year-old-technique.html?ref=world&_r=1

Today BARÇA is the main ACTOR.

It was a thrilling spectacle which lead to a great victory. FCB simply had that extra touch of fantasy that places them above the rest of Europe.

See the links about what the world explains about it.

http://www.lefigaro.fr/

http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/33010277

I don't know much about cars but I share this advert because someone posted it and I have found it just AWESOME.

I'm not only talking about the car itself. It's obvious that it's a truly amazing car, but have  look at the advert, it's worth.

Listen to the sound, the sort of a sword sound heard along the advert it really gives you goosebumps. The images, the endless road with the car driving at a top speed.
The amazing sensations that the car produces on the man. Look at his face, eyes, ear, hands...

The  soundtrack and the narrator's voice, simply stunning .

I think even the tiniest detail has been covered.





See link .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ql94IYUrwXY


See transcription:

Chapter one: The approach/ Chapter Two: The analysis
Final test: The savage S bend
Objective: optimize extreme apex for record time
One: delay turn-in point/ Two:hit the breaks
Three: Dynamic Steering to dodge rubble
Breathe...................
The dip. Magneride suspension
Don’t hesitate.
Calm pulse rate
Calibrate horizontal drift.
Counter-steer
Three, two one: pedal to the metal.
Chapter 3: The execution
Apex perfected, drift controlled, max output reached.
Another hundredth of a second..... shed.